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  • 1. Day, Jonathan J.
    et al.
    Svensson, Gunilla
    Brooks, Ian M.
    Bitz, Cecilia
    Broman, Lina
    Carver, Glenn
    Chevallier, Matthieu
    Goessling, Helge
    Hartung, Kerstin
    Jung, Thomas
    Kay, Jennifer E.
    Kolstad, Erik W.
    Perovich, Don
    Screen, James
    Siemen, Stephan
    Vana, Filip
    THE ABISKO POLAR PREDICTION SCHOOL2017In: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS), ISSN 0003-0007, E-ISSN 1520-0477, Vol. 98, no 3, p. 445-447Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 2. Knox, Sara H.
    et al.
    Jackson, Robert B.
    Poulter, Benjamin
    McNicol, Gavin
    Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne
    Zhang, Zhen
    Hugelius, Gustaf
    Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi.
    Bousquet, Philippe
    Canadell, Josep G.
    Saunois, Marielle
    Papale, Dario
    Chu, Housen
    Keenan, Trevor F.
    Baldocchi, Dennis
    Torn, Margaret S.
    Mammarella, Ivan
    Trotta, Carlo
    Aurela, Mika
    Bohrer, Gil
    Campbell, David
    Cescatti, Alessandro
    Chamberlain, Samuel
    Chen, Jiquan
    Chen, Weinan
    Dengel, Sigrid
    Desai, Ankur R.
    Euskirchen, Eugenie
    Friborg, Thomas
    Gasbarra, Daniele
    Goded, Ignacio
    Goeckede, Mathias
    Heimann, Martin
    Helbig, Manuel
    Hirano, Takashi
    Hollinger, David Y.
    Iwata, Hiroki
    Kang, Minseok
    Klatt, Janina
    Krauss, Ken W.
    Kutzbach, Lars
    Lohila, Annalea
    Mitra, Bhaskar
    Morin, Timothy H.
    Nilsson, Mats B.
    Niu, Shuli
    Noormets, Asko
    Oechel, Walter C.
    Peichl, Matthias
    Peltola, Olli
    Reba, Michele L.
    Richardson, Andrew D.
    Runkle, Benjamin R. K.
    Ryu, Youngryel
    Sachs, Torsten
    Schaefer, Karina V. R.
    Schmid, Hans Peter
    Shurpali, Narasinha
    Sonnentag, Oliver
    Tang, Angela C.
    Ueyama, Masahito
    Vargas, Rodrigo
    Vesala, Timo
    Ward, Eric J.
    Windham-Myers, Lisamarie
    Wohlfahrt, Georg
    Zona, Donatella
    FLUXNET-CH4 Synthesis Activity: Objectives, Observations, and Future Directions2019In: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS), ISSN 0003-0007, E-ISSN 1520-0477, Vol. 100, no 12, p. 2607-2632Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper describes the formation of, and initial results for, a new FLUXNET coordination network for ecosystem-scale methane (CH4) measurements at 60 sites globally, organized by the Global Carbon Project in partnership with other initiatives and regional flux tower networks. The objectives of the effort are presented along with an overview of the coverage of eddy covariance (EC) CH4 flux measurements globally, initial results comparing CH4 fluxes across the sites, and future research directions and needs. Annual estimates of net CH4 fluxes across sites ranged from -0.2 +/- 0.02 g C m(-2) yr(-1) for an upland forest site to 114.9 +/- 13.4 g C m(-2) yr(-1) for an estuarine freshwater marsh, with fluxes exceeding 40 g C m(-2) yr(-1) at multiple sites. Average annual soil and air temperatures were found to be the strongest predictor of annual CH4 flux across wetland sites globally. Water table position was positively correlated with annual CH4 emissions, although only for wetland sites that were not consistently inundated throughout the year. The ratio of annual CH4 fluxes to ecosystem respiration increased significantly with mean site temperature. Uncertainties in annual CH4 estimates due to gap-filling and random errors were on average +/- 1.6 g C m(-2) yr(-1) at 95% confidence, with the relative error decreasing exponentially with increasing flux magnitude across sites. Through the analysis and synthesis of a growing EC CH4 flux database, the controls on ecosystem CH4 fluxes can be better understood, used to inform and validate Earth system models, and reconcile differences between land surface model- and atmospheric-based estimates of CH4 emissions.

  • 3. Tjernstrom, M
    et al.
    Leck, C
    Persson, P O G
    Jensen, M L
    Oncley, S P
    Targino, A
    The summertime Arctic atmosphere - Meteorological measurements during the Arctic Ocean experiment 20012004In: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS), ISSN 0003-0007, E-ISSN 1520-0477, Vol. 85, no 9, p. 1305-1321Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An atmospheric boundary layer experiment into the high Arctic was carried out on the Swedish icebreaker Oden during the summer of 2001, with the primary boundary layer observations obtained while the icebreaker drifted with the ice near 89degreesN during 3 weeks in August. The purposes of the experiment were to gain an understanding of atmospheric boundary layer structure and transient mixing mechanisms, in addition to their relationships to boundary layer clouds and aerosol production. Using a combination of in situ and remote sensing instruments, with temporal and spatial resolutions previously not deployed in the Arctic, continuous measurements of the lower-troposphere structure and boundary layer turbulence were taken concurrently with atmospheric gas and particulate chemistry, and marine biology measurements. The boundary layer was strongly controlled by ice thermodynamics and local turbulent mixing. Near-surface temperatures mostly remained between near the melting points of the sea- and freshwater, and near-surface relative humidity was high. Low clouds prevailed and fog appeared frequently. Visibility outside of fog was surprisingly good even with very low clouds, probably due to a lack of aerosol particles preventing the formation of haze. The boundary layer was shallow but remained well mixed, capped by an occasionally very strong inversion. Specific humidity often increased with height across the capping inversion. In contrast to the boundary layer, the free troposphere often retained its characteristics from well beyond the Arctic. Elevated intrusions of warm, moist air from open seas to the south were frequent. The picture that the Arctic atmosphere is less affected by transport from lower latitudes in summer than the winter may, thus, be an artifact of analyzing only surface measurements. The transport of air from lower latitudes at heights above the boundary layer has a major impact on the Arctic boundary layer, even very close to the North Pole. During a few week-long periods synoptic-scale weather systems appeared, while weaker and shallower mesoscale fronts were frequent. While frontal passages changed the properties of the free troposphere, changes in the boundary layer were more determined by local effects that often led to changes contrary to those aloft. For example, increasing winds associated with a cold front often led to a warming of the near-surface air by mixing and entrainment.

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