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Modern dirty sea ice characteristics and sources: The role of anchor ice
Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA..ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3112-9072
Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA..
Stockholm Univ, Dept Geol Sci, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9033-3559
Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA..
Responsible organisation
2011 (English)In: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS, ISSN 2169-9275, Vol. 116, article id C09008Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Extensive dirty ice patches with up to 7 kg m(-2) sediment concentrations in layers of up to 10 cm thickness were encountered in 2005 and 2007 in numerous areas across the central Arctic. The Fe grain fingerprint determination of sources for these sampled dirty ice floes indicated both Russian and Canadian sources, with the latter dominating. The presence of benthic shells and sea weeds along with thick layers (2-10 cm) of sediment covering 5-10 m(2) indicates an anchor ice entrainment origin as opposed to suspension freezing for some of these floes. The anchor ice origin might explain the dominance of Canadian sources where only narrow flaw leads occur that would not favor suspension freezing as an entrainment process. Expandable clays, commonly used as an indicator of a Kara Sea origin for dirty sea ice, are present in moderately high percentages (>20%) in many circum-Arctic source areas, including the Arctic coasts of North America. Some differences between the Russian and the North American coastal areas are found in clay mineral abundance, primarily the much higher abundance of chlorite in North America and the northern Barents Sea as opposed to the rest of the Russian Arctic. However, sea ice clay mineralogy matched many source areas, making it difficult to use as a provenance tool by itself. The bulk mineralogy (clay and non-clay) does not match specific sources possibly due to reworking of the sediment in dirty floes through summer melting or the failure to characterize all possible source areas.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2011. Vol. 116, article id C09008
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Natural Sciences
Research subject
SWEDARCTIC 2005, Beringia 2005
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:polar:diva-2382DOI: 10.1029/2010JC006675ISI: 000295132300002OAI: oai:DiVA.org:polar-2382DiVA, id: diva2:859085
Available from: 2015-10-06 Created: 2015-10-06 Last updated: 2016-11-21

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Darby, Dennis A.Jakobsson, Martin
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