A North Atlantic tephrostratigraphical framework for 130-60 ka b2k: new tephra discoveries, marine-based correlations, and future challengesShow others and affiliations
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2014 (English)In: Quaternary Science Reviews, ISSN 0277-3791, E-ISSN 1873-457X, Vol. 106Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
Building chronological frameworks for proxy sequences spanning 130-60 ka b2k is plagued by difficulties and uncertainties. Recent developments in the North Atlantic region, however, affirm the potential offered by tephrochronology and specifically the search for cryptotephra. Here we review the potential offered by tephrostratigraphy for sequences spanning 130-60 ka b2k. We combine newly identified cryptotephra deposits from the NGRIP ice-core and a marine core from the Iceland Basin with previously published data from the ice and marine realms to construct the first tephrostratigraphical framework for this time-interval. Forty-three tephra or cryptotephra deposits are incorporated into this framework; twenty three tephra deposits are found in the Greenland ice-cores, including nine new NGRIP tephras, and twenty separate deposits are preserved in various North Atlantic marine sequences. Major, minor and trace element results are presented for the new NGRIP horizons together with age estimates based on their position within the ice-core record. Basaltic tephras of Icelandic origin dominate the framework with only eight tephras of rhyolitic composition found. New results from marine core MD99-2253 also illustrate some of the complexities and challenges of assessing the depositional integrity of marine cryptotephra deposits. Tephra-based correlations in the marine environment provide independent tie-points for this time-interval and highlight the potential of widening the application of tephrochronology. Further investigations, however, are required, that combine robust geochemical fingerprinting and a rigorous assessment of tephra depositional processes, in order to trace coeval events between the two depositional realms. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2014. Vol. 106
Keywords [en]
Tephra Cryptotephra Tephrostratigraphy Greenland ice-cores North Atlantic marine cores Iceland Tephra correlations Glass-shard analysis Rapid climate changes last interglacial period greenland ice-cores scale climate variability volcanic ash layers isotope stages 4 millennial-scale norwegian sea deep-water penultimate deglaciation subtropical atlantic Physical Geography Geology
Research subject
SWEDARCTIC 1997, NordGRIP 1997; SWEDARCTIC 1998, NordGRIP 1998; SWEDARCTIC 1999, NordGRIP 1999; SWEDARCTIC 2000, NordGRIP 2000; SWEDARCTIC 2001, NordGRIP 2001; SWEDARCTIC 2002, NordGRIP 2002; SWEDARCTIC 2003, NordGRIP 2003; SWEDARCTIC 2004, NordGRIP 2004
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:polar:diva-1892DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.03.024OAI: oai:DiVA.org:polar-1892DiVA, id: diva2:810697
Note
ISI Document Delivery No.: AZ1PP Times Cited: 6 Cited Reference Count: 103 Davies, Siwan M. Abbott, Peter M. Meara, Rhian H. Pearce, Nicholas J. G. Austin, William E. N. Chapman, Mark R. Svensson, Anders Bigler, Matthias Rasmussen, Tine L. Rasmussen, Sune O. Farmer, Elizabeth J. Svensson, Anders/A-2643-2010; Rasmussen, Sune/B-5560-2008; Davies, Siwan/E-6915-2011 Svensson, Anders/0000-0002-4364-6085; Rasmussen, Sune/0000-0002-4177-3611; Davies, Siwan/0000-0003-0999-7233 NERC [NE/FE020600/1, NE/F02116X/1, NE/F021445/1, NE/G005230/1, NE/D00416/1, NER/S/A/2995/13417]; European Research Council (TRACE project) under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme(FP7) / ERC [259253]; EU-COST ACTION INTIMATE [ES0907]; Climate Change Consortium of Wales (C3W); funding agency in Denmark (SNF); funding agency in Belgium (FNRSCFB); funding agency in France (IFRTP); funding agency in France (INSU/CNRS); funding agency in Germany (Awl); funding agency in Iceland (Rannls); funding agency in Japan (MEXT); funding agency in Sweden (SPRS); funding agency in Switzerland (SNF); funding agency in United States of America (NSF) The new results presented here have been supported by NERC funding (NE/FE020600/1, NE/F02116X/1, NE/F021445/1, NE/G005230/ 1). The overall synthesis and review of published data represents the culmination of several years work and support from NERC: NE/D00416/1, NER/S/A/2995/13417, the European Research Council (TRACE project) under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme(FP7/2007-2013) / ERC grant agreement no. [259253] and EU-COST ACTION INTIMATE (ES0907) (http://cost-es0907.geoenvi. org/). Gareth James, Anna Bourne, Eliza Cook, Inger Seierstad and Lars Berg Larsen are acknowledged for laboratory assistance and ice-core sampling at the University of Copenhagen. Anna Ratcliffe assisted in editing and improving Figs. 1, 4 and 8. We also thank Stefan Wastegard, JP Steffensen and Jo Brendryen for fruitful discussion over a number of years. Chris Hayward provided essential support during the electron microprobe work at the University of Edinburgh. SMD, PMA, RhHM and NJGP also acknowledge the support of the Climate Change Consortium of Wales (C3W). This work is also a contribution to the NorthGRIP ice-core project, which is directed and organised by the Centre for Ice and Climate at the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen. It is being supported by funding agencies in Denmark (SNF), Belgium (FNRSCFB), France (IFRTP and INSU/CNRS), Germany (Awl), Iceland (Rannls), Japan (MEXT), Sweden (SPRS), Switzerland (SNF) and the United States of America (NSF). We are also grateful to David Lowe and Sabine Wulf for their thorough and constructive reviews. 6 Pergamon-elsevier science ltd Oxford Si Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
2015-05-082015-05-062017-12-04Bibliographically approved