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Ventilation of the Arctic Ocean: Mean ages and inventories of anthropogenic CO2 and CFC-11
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2009 (English)In: Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, ISSN 2169-9275, Vol. 114, article id C01002Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The Arctic Ocean constitutes a large body of water that is still relatively poorly surveyed because of logistical difficulties, although the importance of the Arctic Ocean for global circulation and climate is widely recognized. For instance, the concentration and inventory of anthropogenic CO2 (C-ant) in the Arctic Ocean are not properly known despite its relatively large volume of well- ventilated waters. In this work, we have synthesized available transient tracer measurements (e.g., CFCs and SF6) made during more than two decades by the authors. The tracer data are used to estimate the ventilation of the Arctic Ocean, to infer deep-water pathways, and to estimate the Arctic Ocean inventory of Cant. For these calculations, we used the transit time distribution (TTD) concept that makes tracer measurements collected over several decades comparable with each other. The bottom water in the Arctic Ocean has CFC values close to the detection limit, with somewhat higher values in the Eurasian Basin. The ventilation time for the intermediate water column is shorter in the Eurasian Basin (similar to 200 years) than in the Canadian Basin (similar to 300 years). We calculate the Arctic Ocean Cant inventory range to be 2.5 to 3.3 Pg-C, normalized to 2005, i.e., similar to 2% of the global ocean Cant inventory despite being composed of only similar to 1% of the global ocean volume. In a similar fashion, we use the TTD field to calculate the Arctic Ocean inventory of CFC-11 to be 26.2 +/- 2.6 x 10(6) moles for year 1994, which is similar to 5% of the global ocean CFC-11 inventory.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2009. Vol. 114, article id C01002
Keywords [en]
denmark strait overflow east greenland current deep-water formation eurasian basin continental-margin transient tracers chukchi shelf canada basin fram strait carbon Oceanography
National Category
Natural Sciences
Research subject
SWEDARCTIC 1991, Arctic Ocean 1991; SWEDARCTIC 2002, Arctic Ocean 2002; SWEDARCTIC 2005, Beringia 2005
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:polar:diva-1935DOI: 10.1029/2008jc004868OAI: oai:DiVA.org:polar-1935DiVA, id: diva2:810347
Note

ISI Document Delivery No.: 390NT Times Cited: 37 Cited Reference Count: 57 Tanhua, Toste Jones, E. Peter Jeansson, Emil Jutterstrom, Sara Smethie, William M., Jr. Wallace, Douglas W. R. Anderson, Leif G. Anderson, Leif/D-2263-2009 Swedish Polar Research Secretariat; Swedish Research Council; CarboOcean [511176]; DAMOCLES [018509]; Canada Panel on Energy Research and Development (EPJ); United States NSF [OPP01-17367, OPP02-30238] We thank all persons involved in the measurement of the tracer and hydrographic data used in this synthesis, not only the science party but also the crew and captains of the numerous icebreakers that have been pushing through the Arctic ice. The manuscript benefited from financial support from the Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, the Swedish Research Council, the EU projects CarboOcean (Project 511176) and DAMOCLES (Project 018509), Canada Panel on Energy Research and Development (EPJ), and United States NSF OPP01-17367 and OPP02-30238. 38 Amer geophysical union Washington Oceanography

Available from: 2015-05-07 Created: 2015-05-06 Last updated: 2016-11-28

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